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</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Intelligent Energy Ltd</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="Fuel_Cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel Cell">Fuel Cells</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Advanced Power Sources Ltd. (1995) Founders - Philip Mitchell, Paul Adcock, Jon Moore, Anthony Newbold</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Loughborough" title="Loughborough">Loughborough</a>, United Kingdom (2001<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2001</span>)</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Harry Bradbury</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="Loughborough" title="Loughborough">Loughborough</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">United Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>David Woolhouse, CEO</li><li>Chris Dudfield, CTO</li><li>Greg Harris, CCO</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">230 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intelligent-energy.com/">intelligent-energy.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Intelligent Energy</b> is a <a href="Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">fuel cell</a> engineering business focused on the development, manufacture and commercialisation of its <a href="Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell" title="Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell">proton-exchange membrane fuel cell</a> technologies for a range of markets including automotive, stationary power, materials handling equipment and <a href="Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">UAVs</a>. Headquartered in the <a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a> with representation in the <a href="United_States" title="United States">US</a>, <a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, and <a href="China" title="China">China</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>The origins of Intelligent Energy began at <a href="Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough University</a> in the UK during the late 1980s,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the University became one of Europe's first research and development centres for proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology. In 1995, the UK's first kW-level PEM <a href="Fuel-cell_stack" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel-cell stack">fuel cell stack</a> was produced by the R&D team. In June of that year, Advanced Power Sources (APS) Ltd was founded as a spin-off from Loughborough University by Paul Adcock, Phil Mitchell, Jon Moore and Anthony Newbold,<sup id="cite_ref-na_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the first company in the UK formed specifically to address the development and commercialisation of PEM fuel cells.

</p><p>Founded by Harry Bradbury, Intelligent Energy was established in 2001, acquiring Advanced Power Sources Ltd, together with its personnel and fuel cell related intellectual property that originated from research conducted by both APS and Loughborough University into PEM fuel cell technology. This triggered investment and enabled the company to grow its business activities.<sup id="cite_ref-a_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2005, it launched the <a href="ENV" title="ENV">ENV</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the world's first purpose-built fuel cell motorbike, which gained the company recognition as a Technology Pioneer by the <a href="World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> in 2006. The ENV incorporated the company's air-cooled fuel cell technology hybridised with a battery pack to provide 6kW <a href="Peak_load" class="mw-redirect" title="Peak load">peak load</a> to the motor to improve performance during spikes in power demand i.e. acceleration.<sup id="cite_ref-b_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2007, a partnership was announced with <a href="Suzuki_Motor_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Suzuki Motor Corporation">Suzuki Motor Corporation</a> to develop hydrogen fuel cells for a range of vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-d_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, Intelligent Energy established the company IE-CHP in a joint venture with <a href="SSE_plc" title="SSE plc">SSE plc</a>, to develop fuel cells and other technologies for <a href="Cogeneration" title="Cogeneration">CHP</a> (Combined Heat and Power) applications.<sup id="cite_ref-e_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, Intelligent Energy also produced the power system for the first fuel cell powered crewed flight in conjunction with <a href="Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-f_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, its fuel-cell taxi received <i>The Engineer</i> Technology and Innovation Award.<sup id="cite_ref-ab_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ab-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In March 2011, the <a href="Suzuki_Burgman" title="Suzuki Burgman">Suzuki Burgman</a> fuel cell scooter, equipped with Intelligent Energy's fuel cell system, became the first fuel cell vehicle to achieve European Whole Vehicle Type Approval.<sup id="cite_ref-g_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2012, SMILE FC System Corporation, a joint venture between Intelligent Energy and <a href="Suzuki" title="Suzuki">Suzuki Motor Corporation</a>, was established to develop and manufacture air-cooled fuel cell systems for the automotive and a range of industry sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-h_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the same year, a fleet of fuel cell taxis incorporating Intelligent Energy's technology was used during the <a href="2012_London_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 London Olympics">2012 London Olympics</a>. Part of the European Union-funded HyTEC (Hydrogen Technologies in European Cities) project launched in 2011, the taxis were used to transport VIP guests of the Mayor of London around the city.<sup id="cite_ref-i_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-i-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, SMILE FC Corporation announced that it had established a ready-to-scale production line for its fuel cell systems, utilising Intelligent Energy's semi-automated production technology.<sup id="cite_ref-ow2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ow2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IE-CHP also received CE certification for its first-generation product, a 10 kWe/12 kWth combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell. The certification allows the product to be sold in the <a href="European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a>, confirming that the product satisfies all the EU regulatory and conformity assessment procedures covering the design, manufacture, and testing of the system.<sup id="cite_ref-ow_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ow-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Intelligent Energy was acquired by Meditor Energy, part of the Meditor Group, in October 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2018, Intelligent Energy announced the launch of its IE-LIFT 802/804 fuel cell modules for power generation applications such as stationary power, micro-grids, telecoms, and critical infrastructure.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2></div>

<p>Intelligent Energy's fuel-cell technology is divided into two platforms: air-cooled (AC) and evaporatively-cooled (EC). The air-cooled fuel cell systems use low-power fans to provide cooling and the oxidant supply for operation. Heat from the fuel cell stack is conducted to cooling plates and removed through airflow channels, a simplified and cost-effective system for the power range from a few watts to several kilowatts. They are used in a wide range of UAV, stationary power and automotive applications for two-wheel and small car range extender applications.

</p><p>Evaporatively-cooled (EC) fuel cell systems provide power generation from a few kilowatts up to 200kW. Efficient thermal management of the EC fuel cell stack reduces system complexity, mass and cost. These systems are designed for high-volume, low-cost manufacturing, and use modular architecture that can be quickly modified to suit the application.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Market_sectors">Market sectors</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Automotive">Automotive</h3></div>

<p>In 2010, the company was involved in the development of the report entitled “A portfolio of power-trains for Europe: a fact-based analysis. The role of <a href="Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">Battery Electric Vehicles</a>, <a href="Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">Plug-In Hybrids</a> and <a href="Fuel_Cell_Electric_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle">Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles</a>”, produced by <a href="McKinsey_%26_Company" title="McKinsey & Company">McKinsey & Company</a> with input from car manufacturers, oil and gas suppliers, utilities and industrial gas companies, wind turbine and <a href="Electrolysis" title="Electrolysis">electrolyser</a> companies as well as governmental and non-governmental organisations. The report concluded, amongst other findings, that fuel cell vehicles are technology ready, and cost competitive, and that decarbonisation targets for <a href="Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> are unlikely to be met without the introduction of fuel cell powertrains.<sup id="cite_ref-n_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership_of_industry_consortia_and_trade_associations">Membership of industry consortia and trade associations</h2></div>

<p>The company is a founding member of UKH<sub>2</sub> Mobility, a government and industry group aiming to accelerate the commercial roll-out of <a href="Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">hydrogen vehicles</a> in 2014/15;<sup id="cite_ref-p_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-p-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">Renewable energy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li>

<li><a href="Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li>

<li><a href="Biomass" title="Biomass">Biomass</a></li>

<li><a href="Carbon-neutral_fuel" title="Carbon-neutral fuel">Carbon-neutral fuel</a></li>

<li><a href="Crosswind_kite_power" title="Crosswind kite power">Crosswind kite power</a></li>

<li><a href="Geothermal_energy" title="Geothermal energy">Geothermal energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Geothermal_heating" title="Geothermal heating">Geothermal heating</a></li>

<li><a href="Geothermal_power" title="Geothermal power">Geothermal power</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">Hydroelectricity</a>

<ul><li><a href="Run-of-the-river_hydroelectricity" title="Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity">Run-of-the-river</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hydropower" title="Hydropower">Hydropower</a>

<ul><li><a href="Micro_hydro" title="Micro hydro">Micro hydro</a></li>

<li><a href="Pico_hydro" title="Pico hydro">Pico hydro</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_hydro" title="Small hydro">Small hydro</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Marine_current_power" title="Marine current power">Marine current power</a></li>

<li><a href="Marine_energy" title="Marine energy">Marine energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Ocean_thermal_energy_conversion" title="Ocean thermal energy conversion">Ocean thermal</a></li>

<li><a href="Osmotic_power" title="Osmotic power">Osmotic power</a></li>

<li><a href="Solar_energy" title="Solar energy">Solar energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar power</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_biofuel" title="Sustainable biofuel">Sustainable biofuel</a></li>

<li><a href="Tidal_power" title="Tidal power">Tidal power</a>

<ul><li><a href="Tidal_stream_generator" title="Tidal stream generator">Tidal stream generator</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wave_power" title="Wave power">Wave power</a></li>

<li><a href="Wind_power" title="Wind power">Wind power</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Nuclear_power_proposed_as_renewable_energy" title="Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy">Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_renewable_energy_topics_by_country_and_territory" title="List of renewable energy topics by country and territory">Topics by country and territory</a></li>

<li><a href="Renewable_energy_commercialization" title="Renewable energy commercialization">Marketing and policy trends</a></li></ul></td>

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<ul><li><a href="Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric vehicle</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_renewable_energy_topics_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of renewable energy topics by country">List of renewable energy topics by country</a></li>

<li><a href="Renewable_energy_commercialization" title="Renewable energy commercialization">Renewable energy commercialization</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sustainability771" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sustainability771" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Sustainability" title="Sustainability">Sustainability</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_sustainability" title="Outline of sustainability">Outline</a></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_sustainability_articles" title="Index of sustainability articles">Index</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sustainability#Principles_and_concepts" title="Sustainability">Principles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anthropocene" title="Anthropocene">Anthropocene</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Global_governance" title="Global governance">Global governance</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_impact_on_the_environment" title="Human impact on the environment">Human impact on the environment</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_boundaries" title="Planetary boundaries">Planetary boundaries</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">Development</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sustainable_consumption" title="Sustainable consumption">Consumption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anthropization" title="Anthropization">Anthropization</a></li>

<li><a href="Anti-consumerism" title="Anti-consumerism">Anti-consumerism</a></li>

<li><a href="Circular_economy" title="Circular economy">Circular economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Durable_good" title="Durable good">Durable good</a></li>

<li><a href="Earth_Overshoot_Day" title="Earth Overshoot Day">Earth Overshoot Day</a></li>

<li><a href="Ecological_footprint" title="Ecological footprint">Ecological footprint</a></li>

<li><a href="Ethical_consumerism" title="Ethical consumerism">Ethical</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_consumption" title="Green consumption">Green consumption</a></li>

<li><a href="Micro-sustainability" title="Micro-sustainability">Micro-sustainability</a></li>

<li><a href="Over-consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Over-consumption">Over-consumption</a></li>

<li><a href="Product_stewardship" title="Product stewardship">Product stewardship</a></li>

<li><a href="Simple_living" title="Simple living">Simple living</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_return_on_investment" title="Social return on investment">Social return on investment</a></li>

<li><a href="Steady-state_economy" title="Steady-state economy">Steady-state economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability" title="Sustainability">Sustainability</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sustainability_advertising" title="Sustainability advertising">Advertising</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_brand" title="Sustainability brand">Brand</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_marketing_myopia" title="Sustainability marketing myopia">Marketing myopia</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability" title="Sustainability">Sustainable</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sustainable_consumer_behaviour" title="Sustainable consumer behaviour">Consumer behaviour</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable market">Market</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_and_systemic_change_resistance" title="Sustainability and systemic change resistance">Systemic change resistance</a></li>

<li><a href="Tragedy_of_the_commons" title="Tragedy of the commons">Tragedy of the commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="World_population" title="World population">World population</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Human_population_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Human population control">Control</a></li>

<li><a href="Demographic_transition" title="Demographic transition">Demographic transition</a></li>

<li><a href="Dependency_ratio" title="Dependency ratio">Dependency ratio</a>

<li><a href="Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li>

<li><a href="Intergenerational_equity" title="Intergenerational equity">Intergenerational equity</a></li>

<li><a href="Population_ageing" title="Population ageing">Population ageing</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_population" title="Sustainable population">Sustainable population</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Appropriate_technology" title="Appropriate technology">Appropriate</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_technology" title="Environmental technology">Environmental technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Natural_building" title="Natural building">Natural building</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_architecture" title="Sustainable architecture">Sustainable architecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_design" title="Sustainable design">Sustainable design</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_industries" title="Sustainable industries">Sustainable industries</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_packaging" title="Sustainable packaging">Sustainable packaging</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Biosecurity" title="Biosecurity">Biosecurity</a></li>

<li><a href="Biosphere" title="Biosphere">Biosphere</a></li>

<li><a href="Conservation_biology" title="Conservation biology">Conservation biology</a></li>

<li><a href="Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">Endangered species</a></li>

<li><a href="Holocene_extinction" title="Holocene extinction">Holocene extinction</a></li>

<li><a href="Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">Invasive species</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Energy" title="Energy">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">Carbon footprint</a></li>

<li><a href="Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">Renewable energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_energy" title="Sustainable energy">Sustainable energy</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sustainable_food_system" title="Sustainable food system">Food</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Civic_agriculture" title="Civic agriculture">Civic agriculture</a></li>

<li><a href="Climate-smart_agriculture" title="Climate-smart agriculture">Climate-smart agriculture</a></li>

<li><a href="Community-supported_agriculture" title="Community-supported agriculture">Community-supported agriculture</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultured_meat" title="Cultured meat">Cultured meat</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_agriculture" title="Sustainable agriculture">Sustainable agriculture</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_diet" title="Sustainable diet">Sustainable diet</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_fishery" title="Sustainable fishery">Sustainable fishery</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Air_well_(condenser)" title="Air well (condenser)">Air well (condenser)</a></li>

<li><a href="Bioretention" title="Bioretention">Bioretention</a></li>

<li><a href="Bioswale" title="Bioswale">Bioswale</a></li>

<li><a href="Catchwater" title="Catchwater">Catchwater</a></li>

<li><a href="Constructed_wetland" title="Constructed wetland">Constructed wetland</a></li>

<li><a href="Detention_basin" title="Detention basin">Detention basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_footprint" title="Water footprint">Footprint</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">Hydroelectricity</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydropower" title="Hydropower">Hydropower</a></li>

<li><a href="Infiltration_basin" title="Infiltration basin">Infiltration basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Irrigation_tank" title="Irrigation tank">Irrigation tank</a></li>

<li><a href="Marine_energy" title="Marine energy">Marine energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Micro_hydro" title="Micro hydro">Micro hydro</a></li>

<li><a href="Ocean_thermal_energy_conversion" title="Ocean thermal energy conversion">Ocean thermal energy conversion</a></li>

<li><a href="Pico_hydro" title="Pico hydro">Pico hydro</a></li>

<li><a href="Rain_garden" title="Rain garden">Rain garden</a></li>

<li><a href="Rainwater_harvesting" title="Rainwater harvesting">Rainwater harvesting</a></li>

<li><a href="Rainwater_tank" title="Rainwater tank">Rainwater tank</a></li>

<li><a href="Reclaimed_water" title="Reclaimed water">Reclaimed water</a></li>

<li><a href="Retention_basin" title="Retention basin">Retention basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Run-of-the-river_hydroelectricity" title="Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity">Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_scarcity" title="Water scarcity">Scarcity</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_security" title="Water security">Security</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_hydro" title="Small hydro">Small hydro</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_drainage_system" title="Sustainable drainage system">Sustainable drainage system</a></li>

<li><a href="Tidal_power" title="Tidal power">Tidal power</a></li>

<li><a href="Tidal_stream_generator" title="Tidal stream generator">Tidal stream generator</a></li>

<li><a href="Tree_box_filter" title="Tree box filter">Tree box filter</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_conservation" title="Water conservation">Water conservation</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_heat_recycling" title="Water heat recycling">Water heat recycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_recycling_shower" title="Water recycling shower">Water recycling shower</a></li>

<li><a href="Water-sensitive_urban_design" title="Water-sensitive urban design">Water-sensitive urban design</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accountability</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Corporate_environmental_responsibility" title="Corporate environmental responsibility">Corporate environmental responsibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Corporate_social_responsibility" title="Corporate social responsibility">Corporate social responsibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_accounting" title="Environmental accounting">Environmental accounting</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_full-cost_accounting" title="Environmental full-cost accounting">Environmental full-cost accounting</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_planning" title="Environmental planning">Environmental planning</a></li>

<li><a href="Generational_accounting" title="Generational accounting">Generational accounting</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability" title="Sustainability">Sustainability</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sustainability_accounting" title="Sustainability accounting">Accounting</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_measurement" title="Sustainability measurement">Measurement</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_metrics_and_indices" title="Sustainability metrics and indices">Metrics and indices</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_reporting" title="Sustainability reporting">Reporting</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_standards_and_certification" title="Sustainability standards and certification">Standards and certification</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_yield" title="Sustainable yield">Sustainable yield</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Debt_Sustainability_Analysis" title="Debt Sustainability Analysis">Debt Sustainability Analysis</a></li>

<li><a href="Fiscal_sustainability" title="Fiscal sustainability">Fiscal sustainability</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sustainable_advertising" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable advertising">Advertising</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_business" title="Sustainable business">Business</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultural_sustainability" title="Cultural sustainability">Cultural sustainability</a></li>

<li><a href="Climate_finance" title="Climate finance">Climate finance</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_community" title="Sustainable community">Community</a></li>

<li><a href="Disinvestment" title="Disinvestment">Disinvestment</a></li>

<li><a href="Eco-capitalism" title="Eco-capitalism">Eco-capitalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Eco-cities" title="Eco-cities">Eco-cities</a></li>

<li><a href="Eco-investing" title="Eco-investing">Eco-investing</a></li>

<li><a href="Eco-socialism" title="Eco-socialism">Eco-socialism</a></li>

<li><a href="Ecovillage" title="Ecovillage">Ecovillage</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_finance" title="Environmental finance">Environmental finance</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_economy" title="Green economy">Green economy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sustainability_in_construction" title="Sustainability in construction">Construction</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_fashion" title="Sustainable fashion">Fashion</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_finance" title="Sustainable finance">Finance</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_gardening" title="Sustainable gardening">Gardening</a></li>

<li><a href="Geopark" title="Geopark">Geopark</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmentally_friendly" title="Environmentally friendly">Green</a>

<ul><li><a href="Green_development" title="Green development">Development</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_infrastructure" title="Green infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_marketing" title="Green marketing">Marketing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Green_roof" title="Green roof">Green roof</a></li>

<li><a href="Greening" title="Greening">Greening</a></li>

<li><a href="Impact_investing" title="Impact investing">Impact investing</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_landscape_architecture" title="Sustainable landscape architecture">Landscape</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_livelihood" title="Sustainable livelihood">Livelihood</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_living" title="Sustainable living">Living</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable market">Market</a></li>

<li><a href="Organic_movement" title="Organic movement">Organic movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainability organizations">Organizations</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_procurement" title="Sustainable procurement">Procurement</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_refurbishment" title="Sustainable refurbishment">Refurbishment</a></li>

<li><a href="Socially_responsible_business" title="Socially responsible business">Socially responsible business</a></li>

<li><a href="Socially_responsible_marketing" title="Socially responsible marketing">Socially responsible marketing</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_sanitation" title="Sustainable sanitation">Sanitation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_sourcing" title="Sustainable sourcing">Sourcing</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_sustainability" title="Space sustainability">Space</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainability_organization" title="Sustainability organization">Sustainability organization</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_tourism" title="Sustainable tourism">Tourism</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Transport</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_urban_drainage_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable urban drainage systems">Urban drainage systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_urban_infrastructure" title="Sustainable urban infrastructure">Urban infrastructure</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sustainable_management" title="Sustainable management">Sustainable management</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sustainability_and_environmental_management" title="Sustainability and environmental management">Environmental</a></li>

<li><a href="Fisheries_management" title="Fisheries management">Fisheries</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_forest_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable forest management">Forest</a></li>

<li><a href="Humanistic_capitalism" title="Humanistic capitalism">Humanistic capitalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Integrated_landscape_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated landscape management">Landscape</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_materials_management" title="Sustainable materials management">Materials</a></li>

<li><a href="Natural_resource_management" title="Natural resource management">Natural resource</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_management" title="Planetary management">Planetary</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_management" title="Waste management">Waste</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements and <br>conferences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="United_Nations_Conference_on_the_Human_Environment" title="United Nations Conference on the Human Environment"><span class="wrap">UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm 1972)</span></a></li>

<li><a href="Brundtland_Commission" title="Brundtland Commission">Brundtlandt Commission Report (1983)</a></li>

<li><a href="Our_Common_Future" title="Our Common Future"><i>Our Common Future</i> (1987)</a></li>

<li><a href="Earth_Summit" title="Earth Summit">Earth Summit (1992)</a></li>

<li><a href="Rio_Declaration_on_Environment_and_Development" title="Rio Declaration on Environment and Development">Rio Declaration on Environment and Development</a> (1992)</li>

<li><a href="Agenda_21" title="Agenda 21">Agenda 21 (1992)</a></li>

<li><a href="Convention_on_Biological_Diversity" title="Convention on Biological Diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)</a></li>

<li><a href="Lisbon_Principles" title="Lisbon Principles">Lisbon Principles</a> (1997)</li>

<li><a href="Earth_Charter" title="Earth Charter">Earth Charter</a> (2000)</li>

<li><a href="United_Nations_Millennium_Declaration" title="United Nations Millennium Declaration">UN Millennium Declaration (2000)</a></li>

<li><a href="Earth_Summit_2002" title="Earth Summit 2002">Earth Summit 2002</a> (Rio+10, Johannesburg)</li>

<li><a href="United_Nations_Conference_on_Sustainable_Development" title="United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development">UN Conference on Sustainable Development</a> (Rio+20, 2012)</li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="World_Conference_on_Cultural_Policies_and_Sustainable_Development" title="World Conference on Cultural Policies and Sustainable Development">UNESCO MONDIACULT conferences</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"></span></span> <b>Lists</b></li>

<li><b><a href="Sustainability_science" title="Sustainability science">Science</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Sustainability_studies" title="Sustainability studies">Studies</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="List_of_environmental_degrees" title="List of environmental degrees">Degrees</a></b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFFwk_Digital2014" class="citation web cs1">Fwk_Digital (2014-07-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d2n2lep.org/intelligent-energy-is-named-most-successful-company-by-uk-science-park-association/">"Intelligent Energy is named most successful company by UK Science Park Association"</a>. <i>D2N2</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-na-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-na_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.lsu.co.uk/?p=11271">Fuel Cell Success for Former Loughborough Lecturer</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-a-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-a_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleantechinvestor.com/portal/mainmenucomp/companiesi/586-intelligent-energy-/11138-profile-intelligent-energy-published-in-cleantech-infocus-uk-innovation-in-fuel-cells-and-hydrogen.html">Profile: Intelligent Energy - October 2012</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200321/http://www.cleantechinvestor.com/portal/mainmenucomp/companiesi/586-intelligent-energy-/11138-profile-intelligent-energy-published-in-cleantech-infocus-uk-innovation-in-fuel-cells-and-hydrogen.html">Archived</a> 2013-10-29 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Cleantech Investor</i>. October 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/03/intelligent_ene.html">"Intelligent Energy's ENV Fuel Cell Motorcycle"</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-b-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-b_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/03/intelligent_ene.html">Intelligent Energy’s ENV Fuel Cell Motorcycle</a>. <i>Green Car Congress</i>. 16 March 2005. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-d-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-d_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greencarcongress.com/2007/02/intelligent_ene.html">Intelligent Energy and Suzuki to Partner on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Motorcycles</a>. <i>Green Car Congress</i>. 8 February 2007. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-e-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energyefficiencynews.com/articles/i/3552/?cid=4&scid=21">Fuel cell combined heat and power venture secures £3.7 million</a>. Energy Efficiency News. 9 November 2010. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-f-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-f_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1464285908701469">Boeing fuel cell plane in manned aviation first</a>. <a href="ScienceDirect" title="ScienceDirect">Science Direct</a>. April 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-ab-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ab_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFExcell2010" class="citation web cs1">Excell, Jon (2010-10-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theengineer.co.uk/awards/technology-and-innovation-award-winners-revealed/1006316.article">"Technology and Innovation award winners revealed"</a>. <i><a href="The_Engineer_(UK_magazine)" title="The Engineer (UK magazine)">The Engineer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-02-11</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-g-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-g_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsuzuki.com/globalnews/2011/0309.html">Suzuki’s Burgman Fuel-Cell Scooter becomes world’s first fuel cell vehicle to earn European Whole Vehicle Type Approval</a>. Global Suzuki. 9 March 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-h-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-h_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smmt.co.uk/2012/02/uk-based-company-intelligent-energy-and-partner-suzuki-unveil-joint-venture-to-develop-and-manufacture-new-fuel-cell-systems/">UK-based company Intelligent Energy and partner Suzuki unveil joint venture to develop and manufacture new fuel cell systems</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130811101958/http://www.smmt.co.uk/2012/02/uk-based-company-intelligent-energy-and-partner-suzuki-unveil-joint-venture-to-develop-and-manufacture-new-fuel-cell-systems/">Archived</a> 2013-08-11 at <a href="Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>. SMMT. 8 February 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-i-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-i_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/news-events/news-archive/2012/october/hydrogen-fuel-cell-electric-taxis-drive-olympic-vips-2500-miles">Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Taxis Drive Olympic VIPs 2500 Miles</a>. Fuel Cell Today. 1 October 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-ow2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ow2_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://electriccarsreport.com/2013/02/intelligent-energy-and-suzukiannounce-ready-to-scale-fuel-cell-production-line/">Intelligent Energy and Suzuki Announce Ready-to-Scale Fuel Cell Production Line</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130811101944/http://electriccarsreport.com/2013/02/intelligent-energy-and-suzukiannounce-ready-to-scale-fuel-cell-production-line/">Archived</a> 2013-08-11 at <a href="Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>. Electric Cars Report. 21 February 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-ow-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ow_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/news-events/news-archive/2013/march/intelligent-energy-and-scottish-and-southern-energy-jv-ie-chp-receives-ce-certification-for-firstfuel-cell-product">Intelligent Energy and Scottish and Southern Energy JV IE-CHP Receives CE Certification for First Fuel Cell Product</a> Fuel Cell Today. 20 March 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lboro.ac.uk/internal/research-innovation-support/commercialisation-research/case-studies/intelligent-energy/">"Intelligent Energy Ltd | Research and Innovation support | Loughborough University"</a>. <i>www.lboro.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-20</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-n-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-n_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fch-ju.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Power_trains_for_Europe.pdf/">A portfolio of power-trains for Europe: a fact-based analysis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211210/http://www.fch-ju.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Power_trains_for_Europe.pdf">Archived</a> 2013-06-24 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Fuel Cells and Hydrogen</i>. 9 November 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2013.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-p-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-p_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lboro.ac.uk/service/publicity/news-releases/2012/08_UKH2-Mobility.html">Intelligent Energy announces its support for UKH<sub>2</sub> Mobility</a>. <i>Loughborough University</i>. 9 November 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2013.</span>

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</ol></div></div>

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